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IELTS Band 5-6 Core

INTERMEDIATE

This deck is for learners who can already communicate in English but want to move past the Band 6 level. The focus here is on using what you know more accurately and naturally, especially in semi-formal and IELTS contexts. Instead of learning lots of new basics, you’ll work on fixing common mistakes, improving grammar control, and building the kind of vocabulary and phrasing used in real exam answers. Around 40% of the cards come from real IELTS material, so you’re learning how the language is actually used. You’ll practise things like correcting typical errors, using tenses properly, forming natural collocations, and linking ideas clearly. There’s also some focus on academic-style vocabulary and common IELTS topics like environment, education, and technology. This deck is best if you feel stuck around Band 5–6 and want to sound more precise, more natural, and more confident in your English.

VOCABULARYGENERAL_IELTS

Cards

211

Difficulty

INTERMEDIATE

Category

VOCABULARY

Exam

GENERAL_IELTS

Preview (211 cards)

Term

muscular fatigue

Definition

muscular fatigue

Example

Poor posture can cause muscular fatigue in the arms and back.

Term

She has went to the market.

Definition

She has went to the market.

Term

I worked there in 2019.

Definition

I worked there in 2019.

Term

Furthermore, regular exercise helps reduce stress.

Definition

Furthermore, regular exercise helps reduce stress.

Term

It is difficult to obtain accurate information on this topic.

Definition

It is difficult to obtain accurate information on this topic.

Term

eye strain

Definition

eye strain

Example

Staring at a screen for hours can cause eye strain.

Term

I have seen him yesterday.

Definition

I have seen him yesterday.

Term

I have lived in Seoul, but now I live in Busan.

Definition

I have lived in Seoul, but now I live in Busan.

Term

The journey was long. Nevertheless, it was worth it.

Definition

The journey was long. Nevertheless, it was worth it.

Term

The number of people working from home has increased significantly.

Definition

The number of people working from home has increased significantly.

Term

preventive measures

Definition

preventive measures

Example

Operators should follow the preventive measures outlined below.

Term

He go to school every day.

Definition

He go to school every day.

Term

Have you ever worked in another country?

Definition

Have you ever worked in another country?

Term

As a result,

Definition

As a result,

Example

Many people lost their jobs. As a result, the government increased benefits.

Term

The cost of solar panels has decreased over the past decade.

Definition

The cost of solar panels has decreased over the past decade.

Term

pay attention to

Definition

pay attention to

Example

Employers must pay attention to the physical setting of the workplace.

Term

She is best student in the class.

Definition

She is best student in the class.

Term

She has been a teacher since she graduated.

Definition

She has been a teacher since she graduated.

Term

By contrast,

Definition

By contrast,

Example

City life can be stressful. By contrast, rural areas tend to be quieter.

Term

We should consider the effects on the environment.

Definition

We should consider the effects on the environment.

Term

seek medical attention

Definition

seek medical attention

Example

Operators should seek medical attention if symptoms appear.

Term

The report was wrote by the manager.

Definition

The report was wrote by the manager.

Term

The data was collected over six months.

Definition

The data was collected over six months.

Term

In particular,

Definition

In particular,

Example

Young people are affected. In particular, those without qualifications face the greatest challenges.

Term

Scientists have discovered a link between diet and mental health.

Definition

Scientists have discovered a link between diet and mental health.

Term

report a problem

Definition

report a problem

Example

Symptoms should be reported to your supervisor early on.

Term

This problem depends of many things.

Definition

This problem depends of many things.

Term

The new system is being tested at the moment.

Definition

The new system is being tested at the moment.

Term

To illustrate,

Definition

To illustrate,

Example

Many cities face air quality problems. To illustrate, Beijing regularly records pollution levels far above safe limits.

Term

The results demonstrate that regular exercise improves wellbeing.

Definition

The results demonstrate that regular exercise improves wellbeing.

Term

follow a procedure

Definition

follow a procedure

Example

If an employer wants to dismiss an employee, there is a procedure to be followed.

Term

She is interested about technology.

Definition

She is interested about technology.

Term

A solution has been found.

Definition

A solution has been found.

Term

It could be argued that remote work benefits both employees and companies.

Definition

It could be argued that remote work benefits both employees and companies.

Term

This job requires a high level of concentration.

Definition

This job requires a high level of concentration.

Term

face dismissal

Definition

face dismissal

Example

If there is no improvement, the employee faces dismissal.

Term

I have lived here since three years.

Definition

I have lived here since three years.

Term

It is believed that exercise improves mood.

Definition

It is believed that exercise improves mood.

Term

There is a strong case for reducing the working week.

Definition

There is a strong case for reducing the working week.

Term

contribute to

Definition

contribute to

Example

Exercise can contribute to better mental health.

Term

breach of contract

Definition

breach of contract

Example

Wrongful dismissal involves a breach of contract by the employer.

Term

I lived in Seoul for five years now.

Definition

I lived in Seoul for five years now.

Term

It is thought that stress affects memory.

Definition

It is thought that stress affects memory.

Term

Many people believe that technology has improved our lives.

Definition

Many people believe that technology has improved our lives.

Term

the decision

Definition

the decision

Example

The decision to close the factory affected thousands of people.

Term

draw a conclusion

Definition

draw a conclusion

Example

It is difficult to draw a conclusion from such limited data.

Term

Did you finished the report?

Definition

Did you finished the report?

Term

If I had more free time, I would learn to cook properly.

Definition

If I had more free time, I would learn to cook properly.

Term

While it is true that cars are convenient, they also cause serious pollution.

Definition

While it is true that cars are convenient, they also cause serious pollution.

Term

The growth of social media has changed how people communicate.

Definition

The growth of social media has changed how people communicate.

Term

reach a consensus

Definition

reach a consensus

Example

The two groups found it difficult to reach a consensus.

Term

She doesn't have no money.

Definition

She doesn't have no money.

Term

If the government reduced taxes, more people would start businesses.

Definition

If the government reduced taxes, more people would start businesses.

Term

Despite the fact that many people are aware of the risks, they continue to smoke.

Definition

Despite the fact that many people are aware of the risks, they continue to smoke.

Term

There has been a significant improvement in air quality.

Definition

There has been a significant improvement in air quality.

Term

pose a challenge

Definition

pose a challenge

Example

An ageing population poses a serious challenge for healthcare systems.

Term

I am agree with you.

Definition

I am agree with you.

Term

What would happen if everyone stopped driving?

Definition

What would happen if everyone stopped driving?

Term

Although public transport has improved, many people still prefer to drive.

Definition

Although public transport has improved, many people still prefer to drive.

Term

A reduction in working hours could improve wellbeing.

Definition

A reduction in working hours could improve wellbeing.

Term

raise awareness

Definition

raise awareness

Example

The campaign helped raise awareness of mental health issues.

Term

She suggested to go to the cinema.

Definition

She suggested to go to the cinema.

Term

She told me that the results were surprising.

Definition

She told me that the results were surprising.

Term

In many cases, people do not realise how much they rely on technology.

Definition

In many cases, people do not realise how much they rely on technology.

Term

He received a letter explaining the reasons for his dismissal.

Definition

He received a letter explaining the reasons for his dismissal.

Term

conduct research

Definition

conduct research

Example

The university conducted research into the effects of sleep deprivation.

Term

He said that he had already submitted the form.

Definition

He said that he had already submitted the form.

Term

It is widely accepted that a healthy diet reduces the risk of disease.

Definition

It is widely accepted that a healthy diet reduces the risk of disease.

Term

He was fired for serious misconduct.

Definition

He was fired for serious misconduct.

Term

a significant increase

Definition

a significant increase

Example

There has been a significant increase in the number of people working from home.

Term

She asked whether I had seen the announcement.

Definition

She asked whether I had seen the announcement.

Term

There is a tendency for young people to move to cities.

Definition

There is a tendency for young people to move to cities.

Term

The contract requires two weeks' notice of termination.

Definition

The contract requires two weeks' notice of termination.

Term

widespread concern

Definition

widespread concern

Example

There is widespread concern about the effects of social media on young people.

Term

Technology has made life easier.

Definition

Technology has made life easier.

Term

On the other hand,

Definition

On the other hand,

Example

Living in a city has many advantages. On the other hand, it can be extremely stressful.

Term

Annual leave is one of the entitlements of full-time employees.

Definition

Annual leave is one of the entitlements of full-time employees.

Term

a growing trend

Definition

a growing trend

Example

Working from home has become a growing trend in many industries.

Term

The internet has changed how we communicate.

Definition

The internet has changed how we communicate.

Term

This suggests that…

Definition

This suggests that…

Example

Attendance rates dropped when the policy changed. This suggests that the new rules had a negative effect.

Term

Part-time workers receive benefits on a proportional basis.

Definition

Part-time workers receive benefits on a proportional basis.

Term

have a major impact on

Definition

have a major impact on

Example

Climate change is having a major impact on global food supplies.

Term

The technology used in hospitals has improved dramatically.

Definition

The technology used in hospitals has improved dramatically.

Term

This can lead to…

Definition

This can lead to…

Example

Spending too much time on social media can lead to feelings of anxiety.

Term

Employers have certain obligations towards their workers.

Definition

Employers have certain obligations towards their workers.

Term

a key factor in

Definition

a key factor in

Example

Diet is a key factor in preventing heart disease.

Term

She was informed that smoking is prohibited on school grounds.

Definition

She was informed that smoking is prohibited on school grounds.

Term

One of the main reasons for this is…

Definition

One of the main reasons for this is…

Example

Obesity rates are rising. One of the main reasons for this is the increase in processed food consumption.

Term

Bookings are compulsory for some national parks.

Definition

Bookings are compulsory for some national parks.

Term

in an orderly manner

Definition

in an orderly manner

Example

Students will return to class in an orderly manner.

Term

Volunteers are responsible for their own personal safety.

Definition

Volunteers are responsible for their own personal safety.

Term

It is important to note that…

Definition

It is important to note that…

Example

It is important to note that not all young people have equal access to education.

Term

Obtaining a permit in advance is obligatory.

Definition

Obtaining a permit in advance is obligatory.

Term

in advance

Definition

in advance

Example

Obtaining a camping permit in advance is obligatory.

Term

Employees working on public holidays are entitled to a higher rate.

Definition

Employees working on public holidays are entitled to a higher rate.

Term

This issue is closely linked to…

Definition

This issue is closely linked to…

Example

Poor air quality is closely linked to respiratory disease.

Term

Smoking is prohibited on school grounds.

Definition

Smoking is prohibited on school grounds.

Term

prior to

Definition

prior to

Example

Always obtain permission prior to crossing private property.

Term

Casual workers do not have rights to any of these entitlements.

Definition

Casual workers do not have rights to any of these entitlements.

Term

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in…

Definition

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in…

Example

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in plant-based diets.

Term

If the nearest stairs are inaccessible, use an alternative route.

Definition

If the nearest stairs are inaccessible, use an alternative route.

Term

carbon emissions

Definition

carbon emissions

Example

Reducing carbon emissions is essential to slow down climate change.

Term

The road is being repaired.

Definition

The road is being repaired.

Term

This is particularly true in cases where…

Definition

This is particularly true in cases where…

Example

Many young people struggle with work-life balance. This is particularly true in cases where employees are expected to be available outside working hours.

Term

All classes will vacate the premises immediately.

Definition

All classes will vacate the premises immediately.

Term

renewable energy

Definition

renewable energy

Example

Many countries are investing in renewable energy to reduce their dependence on oil.

Term

The form must be submitted before the deadline.

Definition

The form must be submitted before the deadline.

Term

at all times

Definition

at all times

Example

The visitor's badge must be worn at all times.

Term

Visitors must wear a badge at all times on the premises.

Definition

Visitors must wear a badge at all times on the premises.

Term

climate change

Definition

climate change

Example

Climate change is one of the most serious challenges facing the world today.

Term

Volunteers are required to sign in every visit.

Definition

Volunteers are required to sign in every visit.

Term

in the event of

Definition

in the event of

Example

In the event of an emergency, follow the evacuation procedure.

Term

adjacent to

Definition

adjacent to

Example

Students should assemble in the area adjacent to the car park.

Term

artificial intelligence

Definition

artificial intelligence

Example

Artificial intelligence is being used to improve medical diagnosis.

Term

Smoking is not permitted on the premises.

Definition

Smoking is not permitted on the premises.

Term

under no circumstances

Definition

under no circumstances

Example

Under no circumstances should you light a fire in the bush.

Term

Classes move to the exit under the teacher's supervision.

Definition

Classes move to the exit under the teacher's supervision.

Term

data privacy

Definition

data privacy

Example

Many people are concerned about data privacy when using social media.

Term

The badge must be worn at all times.

Definition

The badge must be worn at all times.

Term

as a result of

Definition

as a result of

Example

As a result of the policy change, many employees resigned.

Term

Volunteers should notify the school of any medical conditions.

Definition

Volunteers should notify the school of any medical conditions.

Term

the digital divide

Definition

the digital divide

Example

The digital divide means that not everyone has equal access to technology.

Term

He was given the opportunity to appeal.

Definition

He was given the opportunity to appeal.

Term

in the absence of

Definition

in the absence of

Example

In the absence of a medical certificate, sick leave may not be approved.

Term

Leave a message in the relevant teacher's pigeonhole.

Definition

Leave a message in the relevant teacher's pigeonhole.

Term

income inequality

Definition

income inequality

Example

Income inequality is growing in many countries.

Term

Employees are entitled to four weeks' annual leave.

Definition

Employees are entitled to four weeks' annual leave.

Term

on a voluntary basis

Definition

on a voluntary basis

Example

Your time commitment is entirely on a voluntary basis.

Term

Cutting down forests threatens biodiversity.

Definition

Cutting down forests threatens biodiversity.

Term

social mobility

Definition

social mobility

Example

Education is often seen as the key to social mobility.

Term

She asked me what time the meeting started.

Definition

She asked me what time the meeting started.

Term

in a timely manner

Definition

in a timely manner

Example

Separate emails allow the recipient to reply to each one in a timely manner.

Term

The company is committed to sustainability in all its operations.

Definition

The company is committed to sustainability in all its operations.

Term

cultural integration

Definition

cultural integration

Example

Cultural integration can be challenging for newly arrived immigrants.

Term

He explained that the delay was caused by a technical problem.

Definition

He explained that the delay was caused by a technical problem.

Term

aim to

Definition

aim to

Example

Aim to leave your campsite as you found it.

Term

Automation has replaced many factory jobs that were once done by people.

Definition

Automation has replaced many factory jobs that were once done by people.

Term

academic achievement

Definition

academic achievement

Example

Parental support has a strong effect on children's academic achievement.

Term

She admitted that she had forgotten to sign the register.

Definition

She admitted that she had forgotten to sign the register.

Term

carry out

Definition

carry out

Example

All rubbish must be carried out — do not attempt to burn or bury it.

Term

Innovation in medicine has saved millions of lives.

Definition

Innovation in medicine has saved millions of lives.

Term

vocational training

Definition

vocational training

Example

Some students prefer vocational training over a university degree.

Term

The notice stated that bookings were compulsory.

Definition

The notice stated that bookings were compulsory.

Term

owing to

Definition

owing to

Example

Campsites may occasionally be closed owing to bushfire danger.

Term

Rapid urbanisation has put pressure on housing and transport in many cities.

Definition

Rapid urbanisation has put pressure on housing and transport in many cities.

Term

lifelong learning

Definition

lifelong learning

Example

Many employers now value lifelong learning as much as formal qualifications.

Term

It is recommended that you take short breaks every hour.

Definition

It is recommended that you take short breaks every hour.

Term

in order to

Definition

in order to

Example

He used the American shot in order to present complex dialogue scenes efficiently.

Term

fair dismissal

Definition

fair dismissal

Example

A fair dismissal means all necessary procedures have been correctly followed.

Term

tuition fees

Definition

tuition fees

Example

High tuition fees prevent many students from attending university.

Term

It is advisable to proofread your work before submitting.

Definition

It is advisable to proofread your work before submitting.

Term

not only… but also…

Definition

not only… but also…

Example

Remote work is not only more flexible but also less expensive for companies.

Term

summary dismissal

Definition

summary dismissal

Example

If the behaviour was illegal or dangerous, the employee can face summary dismissal.

Term

mental health awareness

Definition

mental health awareness

Example

There has been a significant increase in mental health awareness in recent years.

Term

The idea is widely regarded as effective.

Definition

The idea is widely regarded as effective.

Term

In this way,

Definition

In this way,

Example

Exercise reduces stress hormones. In this way, it can improve sleep quality.

Term

wrongful dismissal

Definition

wrongful dismissal

Example

He claimed wrongful dismissal because he was fired without notice.

Term

healthcare system

Definition

healthcare system

Example

A good healthcare system should be accessible to everyone.

Term

Fitness trends have been shifting back toward calisthenics.

Definition

Fitness trends have been shifting back toward calisthenics.

Term

unfair dismissal

Definition

unfair dismissal

Example

She took the company to court for unfair dismissal.

Term

a sedentary lifestyle

Definition

a sedentary lifestyle

Example

A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of heart disease.

Term

constructive dismissal

Definition

constructive dismissal

Example

He claimed constructive dismissal after his employer tried to change his working hours.

Term

preventable disease

Definition

preventable disease

Example

Many deaths from preventable diseases could be avoided with better education.

Term

Your email should be clear and concise.

Definition

Your email should be clear and concise.

Term

parental leave

Definition

parental leave

Example

Full-time employees are entitled to up to 12 months' unpaid parental leave.

Term

A good subject line grabs the recipient's attention.

Definition

A good subject line grabs the recipient's attention.

Term

sick leave

Definition

sick leave

Example

Full-time employees receive up to 10 days' paid sick leave per year.

Term

Include your contact information to ensure a prompt reply.

Definition

Include your contact information to ensure a prompt reply.

Term

annual leave

Definition

annual leave

Example

All full-time employees are entitled to four weeks' annual leave.

Term

Incorporate your contact information into the email.

Definition

Incorporate your contact information into the email.

Term

penalty rate

Definition

penalty rate

Example

Employees working on public holidays receive a penalty rate.

Term

Write EOM at the end to indicate that the recipient doesn't need to open the email.

Definition

Write EOM at the end to indicate that the recipient doesn't need to open the email.

Term

notice of termination

Definition

notice of termination

Example

The contract requires two weeks' notice of termination.

Term

Teachers need to assess students fairly and consistently.

Definition

Teachers need to assess students fairly and consistently.

Term

continuous service

Definition

continuous service

Example

Longer notice is given to employees with at least two years of continuous service.

Term

There has been a significant rise in the cost of living.

Definition

There has been a significant rise in the cost of living.

Term

ecological impact

Definition

ecological impact

Example

A free-standing tent has less ecological impact than one that uses many pegs.

Term

One consequence of deforestation is the loss of animal habitats.

Definition

One consequence of deforestation is the loss of animal habitats.

Term

fire hazard

Definition

fire hazard

Example

Burning rubbish in the bush creates a fire hazard.

Term

tend to

Definition

tend to

Example

People tend to use their phones more when they are bored.

Term

minimal impact

Definition

minimal impact

Example

Responsible campers observe minimal impact bushwalking practices.

Term

be likely to

Definition

be likely to

Example

Children who read regularly are more likely to do well at school.

Term

promotional materials

Definition

promotional materials

Example

Money shots are widely used in a film's promotional materials.

Term

argue that

Definition

argue that

Example

Some people argue that private schools create inequality.

Term

the subject line

Definition

the subject line

Example

Never leave the subject line of an email blank.

Term

suggest that

Definition

suggest that

Example

Research suggests that loneliness can affect physical health.

Term

call to action

Definition

call to action

Example

Be sure to include a call to action in your email.

Term

accounted for

Definition

accounted for

Example

The supervisor will confirm when all staff and students have been accounted for.

Term

cardiovascular health

Definition

cardiovascular health

Example

Extreme bodybuilding can lead to weak cardiovascular health.

Term

Warning of an emergency evacuation will be signalled by several short bell rings.

Definition

Warning of an emergency evacuation will be signalled by several short bell rings.

Term

public speaking

Definition

public speaking

Example

The course will give you public speaking experience and build your confidence.

Term

Students should move in a brisk, orderly fashion to the exit.

Definition

Students should move in a brisk, orderly fashion to the exit.

Term

make a positive impression

Definition

make a positive impression

Example

Follow these rules to make a positive impression and get an appropriate response.

Term

All class work will cease immediately on hearing the alarm.

Definition

All class work will cease immediately on hearing the alarm.

Term

leave blank

Definition

leave blank

Example

Never leave the subject line blank.

Term

If the nearest staircase is inaccessible, use the nearest alternative staircase.

Definition

If the nearest staircase is inaccessible, use the nearest alternative staircase.

Term

deal with

Definition

deal with

Example

One subject might be dealt with quickly while another requires research.

Term

The chair must be adjustable for height with an adjustable back rest.

Definition

The chair must be adjustable for height with an adjustable back rest.

Term

a code of ethics

Definition

a code of ethics

Example

Minimal impact bushwalking is a code of ethics aimed at preserving natural beauty.

Term

Poor posture while using a keyboard can lead to back pain.

Definition

Poor posture while using a keyboard can lead to back pain.

Term

employer obligations

Definition

employer obligations

Example

The module covers tax rates, deductions, and employer obligations.

Term

Gathering firewood removes the vital habitat of many small animals.

Definition

Gathering firewood removes the vital habitat of many small animals.

Term

Take short pauses to proofread your work while keying.

Definition

Take short pauses to proofread your work while keying.

Term

Keep the VDU screen vertical to avoid glare from overhead lighting.

Definition

Keep the VDU screen vertical to avoid glare from overhead lighting.

Term

The method was subsequently downgraded to a simple, accessible activity.

Definition

The method was subsequently downgraded to a simple, accessible activity.

Term

Jobs formerly done by people are now done by machines.

Definition

Jobs formerly done by people are now done by machines.

Term

Modern films combine elements from several traditions simultaneously.

Definition

Modern films combine elements from several traditions simultaneously.

Term

The cost of solar panels has fallen considerably in recent years.

Definition

The cost of solar panels has fallen considerably in recent years.

Term

The purpose of the message should be outlined in the first paragraph.

Definition

The purpose of the message should be outlined in the first paragraph.

Term

Extreme muscle building can undermine overall health.

Definition

Extreme muscle building can undermine overall health.

Term

The technology sector has seen rapid growth in recent years.

Definition

The technology sector has seen rapid growth in recent years.